[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.kryf.cz\/objevte-davnou-minulost-bulharu\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.kryf.cz\/objevte-davnou-minulost-bulharu\/","headline":"Objevte d\u00e1vnou minulost Bulhar\u016f","name":"Objevte d\u00e1vnou minulost Bulhar\u016f","description":"Sofia je velice d\u00e1vn\u00fdm m\u011bstem. M\u00edsto bylo ji\u017e u\u017e p\u0159ed osmi tis\u00edci lety. V\u00a0sedm\u00e9m stolet\u00ed p\u0159. n. l. toto m\u00edsto ob\u00fdvali bojovn\u00ed thr\u00e1ck\u00fdch Serdov\u00e9. Pozd\u011bji roku 339 p\u0159. n. l. bylo m\u011bsto dobyto Filipem II. Makedonsk\u00fdm. \u00a0Kdy\u017e se psal rok dvacet dev\u011bt p\u0159. n. l., p\u0159i\u0161li \u0158\u00edman\u00e9, a zalo\u017eili zde m\u011bsto Ulpia Serdica. Na konci","datePublished":"2023-05-15","dateModified":"2023-05-15","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.kryf.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.kryf.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7c144e1de0ecc43e7a8353c804f0c7ea63c9554336576e7048c4bdeaa59bbbbb?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7c144e1de0ecc43e7a8353c804f0c7ea63c9554336576e7048c4bdeaa59bbbbb?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"kryf.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"url":"https:\/\/www.kryf.cz\/objevte-davnou-minulost-bulharu\/","wordCount":406,"articleBody":"Sofia je velice d\u00e1vn\u00fdm m\u011bstem. M\u00edsto bylo ji\u017e u\u017e p\u0159ed osmi tis\u00edci lety. V\u00a0sedm\u00e9m stolet\u00ed p\u0159. n. l. toto m\u00edsto ob\u00fdvali bojovn\u00ed thr\u00e1ck\u00fdch Serdov\u00e9. Pozd\u011bji roku 339 p\u0159. n. l. bylo m\u011bsto dobyto Filipem II. Makedonsk\u00fdm. \u00a0Kdy\u017e se psal rok dvacet dev\u011bt p\u0159. n. l., p\u0159i\u0161li \u0158\u00edman\u00e9, a zalo\u017eili zde m\u011bsto Ulpia Serdica.Na konci druh\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed bylo m\u011bsto obehn\u00e1no vysokou hradbou. \u00a0Hradba nepomohla, v\u00a0letech 447 napadli Serdiku Hunov\u00e9 pod veden\u00edm Attily a vyplenili ji. Po nich pozd\u011bji potom i G\u00f3tov\u00e9.Po n\u00e1stupu c\u00edsa\u0159e Justini\u00e1na I. bylo m\u011bsto obnoveno a l\u00e9pe opevn\u011bno. \u00a0St\u00e1le to v\u0161ak nesta\u010dilo, netrvalo dlouho a \u00a0Serdiku dobyly slovansk\u00e9 kmeny. Serdica ji\u017e nebyla a n\u00e1zev upadl v\u00a0zapomn\u011bn\u00ed. \u00a0Roku osm set dev\u011bt ale m\u011bsto dobyl zp\u011bt bulharsk\u00fd ch\u00e1n Krum a m\u011bsto dostalo slovansk\u00fd n\u00e1zev Sred\u011bc.\u00a0B\u011bhem druh\u00e9 bulharsk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e byl znovu pokus m\u011bsto opevnit a ve 14. stolet\u00ed bylo m\u011bsto podle kostela pojmenov\u00e1no Sofia. Tak\u00e9 posledn\u00ed opevn\u011bn\u00ed nebylo dokonal\u00e9, nebo\u0165 v\u00a0roce 1386 dobyli m\u011bsto po dlouh\u00e9m obl\u00e9h\u00e1n\u00ed osman\u0161t\u00ed Turci dok\u00e1zali je dr\u017eet po p\u011bt stalet\u00ed, kdy krom\u011b v\u00fdstavby n\u011bkolika me\u0161it a minaret\u016f m\u011bsto zch\u00e1tralo.\tNejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pam\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 jsou v\u00a0Sofii k\u00a0vid\u011bn\u00ed:\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Katedr\u00e1la sv. Alexandra N\u011bvsk\u00e9ho, kter\u00e1 byla postavena jako v\u00fdraz vd\u011bku pro rusk\u00e9mu cara\u00a0 Alexandra II, za pomoc o nez\u00e1vislost. Na n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed\u010dku p\u0159ed katedr\u00e1lou je mo\u017eno vid\u011bt Alexandr\u016fv pomn\u00edk.\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Byzantsk\u00fd kostel svat\u00e9 Sofie. Byl postaven\u00fd v\u00a0\u0161est\u00e9m stolet\u00ed z\u00a0cihel a dal m\u011bstu jm\u00e9no\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Kostel svat\u00e9ho Ji\u0159\u00ed je nevelik\u00fd kostel\u00edk ze \u010dtvrt\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed.\u00a0 Lze v\u00a0n\u011bm vid\u011bt cenn\u00e9 fresky a najdeme jej v\u00a0sam\u00e9m centru m\u011bsta. Rusk\u00fd kostel svat\u00e9ho Nikolaje Divotvorce (1914)\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Me\u0161ita Banja Ba\u0161i poch\u00e1z\u00ed ze \u0161estn\u00e1ct\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed. Je to poz\u016fstatek z tureck\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy.\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Archeologick\u00e9 muzeum se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v centru m\u011bsta. Jsou zde k\u00a0vid\u011bn\u00ed starov\u011bk\u00e9 a byzantsk\u00e9 pam\u00e1tky\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 N\u00e1rodn\u00ed galerie a Etnografick\u00e9 muzeum se nal\u00e9zaj\u00ed v b\u00fdval\u00e9m carsk\u00e9m pal\u00e1ci.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        5\/5 - (1 vote)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Objevte d\u00e1vnou minulost Bulhar\u016f","item":"https:\/\/www.kryf.cz\/objevte-davnou-minulost-bulharu\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]